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A centrifugal pump, also known as a centrifuge pump, uses an impeller as the primary source for its pumping action. The impeller is similar to a fan with a housing that has one small intake and a larger output, which is simply an opening. The impeller is connected to a spinning rotor that must be moved, either with human or mechanical power, in order to displace fluid. The impeller is inside a housing that lets fluid escape to a discharge pipe, where the fluid is pushed after being displaced by the impeller.
Displacing Fluid
As fluid enters the intake valve inside the impeller, it is spun by the fan blades that are being spun by the action of the rotor. As the fluid spins, it is forced to the outside of the impeller, where it then flows, this time with more kinetic energy than before it entered the impeller, out of the discharge pipe. When it flows out, it can then be either run down a pipe or dispersed because it has enough kinetic energy to get it either down or out of the pipe from the impeller. After it has flowed out, the fluid is considered pressurized, since it is compressed slightly by displacing action of the rotating impeller. The sudden displacement of the fluid also causes a sucking action that draws more fluid into the impeller due to low pressure.
